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Fantasy and Reality
Fantasy
is something that could not
happen in real life.
Reality
is everything that
is real or authentic. A fantasy may be a story
that includes make-believe characters such
as talking animals, while a realistic story may
tell about something that could happen in
real life. Help students identify stories they
may know that are fantasies and stories they
may know that are realistic. Ask students if
the selection they are reading is realistic or if
it is a fantasy. Have them identify details or
examples from the selection that are make-
believe or realistic.
Main Idea and Details
The
main idea
is the most important
point the author makes in a story or
paragraph. In a paragraph, the main idea is
often contained in a topic sentence at the
beginning or at the end of the paragraph. In
order to support the main idea, authors use
details
in other sentences that may describe,
give reasons and definitions, and give other
types of information. Help students to
identify the main idea and details of some of
the paragraphs in the selection.
Making Inferences
We make
inferences
when we use clues
from the reading and what we already
know to figure out something that is not
directly stated or explained in the reading.
Have students make inferences about the
characters or events
in the selection.
Retelling
Retelling
is when a reader tells the story
in her or his own words. Retelling provides
the reader with the opportunity to process
what she/he has read by organizing and
explaining it to others. Retelling can be used
for a paragraph, section, or for the entire
selection. Have students retell the selection
by helping them to organize the events of
the selection.
Sequence
Sequence
is the order of events in a
story. Understanding in which order events
take place in a story is essential to forming
ideas and opinions about a story. Words and
phrases such as
primero
,
después
,
luego
,
finalmente
,
al día siguiente
,
mañana
, and
so on, often signal order of events and time
in a story. Help students to identify order
of events in the selection by having them
identify time and order words or phrases.
Summarizing
When we determine the most
important events or ideas in a text, we
are
summarizing
. Summarizing helps us
to learn how to determine essential ideas
and to consolidate important details that
support them. Summarizing can be used
with paragraphs, sections, or for the entire
selection. Help students to summarize the
selection by asking them to identify the most
important events or ideas of the selection.
Program Overview